class QPen#

The QPen class defines how a QPainter should draw lines and outlines of shapes. More…

Synopsis#

Methods#

def __init__()
def brush()
def capStyle()
def color()
def dashOffset()
def dashPattern()
def isCosmetic()
def isSolid()
def joinStyle()
def miterLimit()
def __ne__()
def __eq__()
def setBrush()
def setCapStyle()
def setColor()
def setCosmetic()
def setDashOffset()
def setDashPattern()
def setJoinStyle()
def setMiterLimit()
def setStyle()
def setWidth()
def setWidthF()
def style()
def swap()
def width()
def widthF()

Note

This documentation may contain snippets that were automatically translated from C++ to Python. We always welcome contributions to the snippet translation. If you see an issue with the translation, you can also let us know by creating a ticket on https:/bugreports.qt.io/projects/PYSIDE

Detailed Description#

Warning

This section contains snippets that were automatically translated from C++ to Python and may contain errors.

A pen has a style() , width() , brush() , capStyle() and joinStyle() .

The pen style defines the line type. The brush is used to fill strokes generated with the pen. Use the QBrush class to specify fill styles. The cap style determines the line end caps that can be drawn using QPainter , while the join style describes how joins between two lines are drawn. The pen width can be specified in both integer ( width() ) and floating point ( widthF() ) precision. A line width of zero indicates a cosmetic pen. This means that the pen width is always drawn one pixel wide, independent of the transformation set on the painter.

The various settings can easily be modified using the corresponding setStyle() , setWidth() , setBrush() , setCapStyle() and setJoinStyle() functions (note that the painter’s pen must be reset when altering the pen’s properties).

For example:

painter = QPainter(self)
pen = QPen(Qt.green, 3, Qt.DashDotLine, Qt.RoundCap, Qt.RoundJoin)
painter.setPen(pen)

which is equivalent to

painter = QPainter(self)
QPen pen # creates a default pen
pen.setStyle(Qt.DashDotLine)
pen.setWidth(3)
pen.setBrush(Qt.green)
pen.setCapStyle(Qt.RoundCap)
pen.setJoinStyle(Qt.RoundJoin)
painter.setPen(pen)

The default pen is a solid black brush with 1 width, square cap style (Qt::SquareCap), and bevel join style (Qt::BevelJoin).

In addition QPen provides the color() and setColor() convenience functions to extract and set the color of the pen’s brush, respectively. Pens may also be compared and streamed.

For more information about painting in general, see the Paint System documentation.

Pen Style#

Qt provides several built-in styles represented by the Qt::PenStyle enum:

Qt::SolidLine

Qt::DashLine

Qt::DotLine

Qt::DashDotLine

Qt::DashDotDotLine

Qt::CustomDashLine

Simply use the setStyle() function to convert the pen style to either of the built-in styles, except the Qt::CustomDashLine style which we will come back to shortly. Setting the style to Qt::NoPen tells the painter to not draw lines or outlines. The default pen style is Qt::SolidLine.

Since Qt 4.1 it is also possible to specify a custom dash pattern using the setDashPattern() function which implicitly converts the style of the pen to Qt::CustomDashLine. The pattern argument, a QList, must be specified as an even number of qreal entries where the entries 1, 3, 5… are the dashes and 2, 4, 6… are the spaces. For example, the custom pattern shown above is created using the following code:

pen = QPen()
dashes = QList()
space = 4
dashes << 1 << space << 3 << space << 9 << space
           << 27 << space << 9 << space
pen.setDashPattern(dashes)

Note that the dash pattern is specified in units of the pens width, e.g. a dash of length 5 in width 10 is 50 pixels long.

The currently set dash pattern can be retrieved using the dashPattern() function. Use the isSolid() function to determine whether the pen has a solid fill, or not.

Cap Style#

The cap style defines how the end points of lines are drawn using QPainter . The cap style only apply to wide lines, i.e. when the width is 1 or greater. The Qt::PenCapStyle enum provides the following styles:

Qt::SquareCap

Qt::FlatCap

Qt::RoundCap

The Qt::SquareCap style is a square line end that covers the end point and extends beyond it by half the line width. The Qt::FlatCap style is a square line end that does not cover the end point of the line. And the Qt::RoundCap style is a rounded line end covering the end point.

The default is Qt::SquareCap.

Whether or not end points are drawn when the pen width is 0 or 1 depends on the cap style. Using Qt::SquareCap or Qt::RoundCap they are drawn, using Qt::FlatCap they are not drawn.

Join Style#

The join style defines how joins between two connected lines can be drawn using QPainter . The join style only apply to wide lines, i.e. when the width is 1 or greater. The Qt::PenJoinStyle enum provides the following styles:

Qt::BevelJoin

Qt::MiterJoin

Qt::RoundJoin

The Qt::BevelJoin style fills the triangular notch between the two lines. The Qt::MiterJoin style extends the lines to meet at an angle. And the Qt::RoundJoin style fills a circular arc between the two lines.

The default is Qt::BevelJoin.

When the Qt::MiterJoin style is applied, it is possible to use the setMiterLimit() function to specify how far the miter join can extend from the join point. The miterLimit() is used to reduce artifacts between line joins where the lines are close to parallel.

The miterLimit() must be specified in units of the pens width, e.g. a miter limit of 5 in width 10 is 50 pixels long. The default miter limit is 2, i.e. twice the pen width in pixels.

The Path Stroking Example

The Path Stroking example shows Qt’s built-in dash patterns and shows how custom patterns can be used to extend the range of available patterns.

See also

QPainter QBrush Path Stroking ExampleScribble Example

__init__(arg__1)#

Parameters:: arg__1 – PenStyle

Constructs a black pen with 1 width and the given style.

See also

setStyle()

__init__(brush, width[, s=Qt.SolidLine[, c=Qt.SquareCap[, j=Qt.BevelJoin]]])

Parameters:

brush – QBrush
width – float
s – PenStyle
c – PenCapStyle
j – PenJoinStyle

Constructs a pen with the specified brush, width, pen style, cap style and join style.

See also

setBrush() setWidth() setStyle() setCapStyle() setJoinStyle()

__init__(color)

Parameters:: color – QColor

Constructs a solid line pen with 1 width and the given color.

See also

setBrush() setColor()

__init__(pen)

Parameters:: pen – QPen

Constructs a pen that is a copy of the given pen.

__init__()

Constructs a default black solid line pen with 1 width.

brush()#

Return type:: QBrush

Returns the brush used to fill strokes generated with this pen.

See also

setBrush()

capStyle()#

Return type:: PenCapStyle

Returns the pen’s cap style.

See also

setCapStyle() Cap Style

color()#

Return type:: QColor

Returns the color of this pen’s brush.

See also

brush() setColor()

dashOffset()#

Return type:: float

Returns the dash offset for the pen.

See also

setDashOffset()

dashPattern()#

Return type:: .list of qreal

Returns the dash pattern of this pen.

See also

setDashPattern() style() isSolid()

isCosmetic()#

Return type:: bool

Returns true if the pen is cosmetic; otherwise returns false.

Cosmetic pens are used to draw strokes that have a constant width regardless of any transformations applied to the QPainter they are used with. Drawing a shape with a cosmetic pen ensures that its outline will have the same thickness at different scale factors.

A zero width pen is cosmetic by default.

See also

setCosmetic() widthF()

isSolid()#

Return type:: bool

Returns true if the pen has a solid fill, otherwise false.

See also

style() dashPattern()

joinStyle()#

Return type:: PenJoinStyle

Returns the pen’s join style.

See also

setJoinStyle() Join Style

miterLimit()#

Return type:: float

Returns the miter limit of the pen. The miter limit is only relevant when the join style is set to Qt::MiterJoin.

See also

setMiterLimit() Join Style

__ne__(p)#

Parameters:: p – QPen
Return type:: bool

Returns true if the pen is different from the given pen; otherwise false. Two pens are different if they have different styles, widths or colors.

See also

operator==()

__eq__(p)#

Parameters:: p – QPen
Return type:: bool

Returns true if the pen is equal to the given pen; otherwise false. Two pens are equal if they have equal styles, widths and colors.

See also

operator!=()

setBrush(brush)#

Parameters:: brush – QBrush

Sets the brush used to fill strokes generated with this pen to the given brush.

See also

brush() setColor()

setCapStyle(pcs)#

Parameters:: pcs – PenCapStyle

Sets the pen’s cap style to the given style. The default value is Qt::SquareCap.

See also

capStyle() Cap Style

setColor(color)#

Parameters:: color – QColor

Sets the color of this pen’s brush to the given color.

See also

setBrush() color()

setCosmetic(cosmetic)#

Parameters:: cosmetic – bool

Sets this pen to cosmetic or non-cosmetic, depending on the value of cosmetic.

See also

isCosmetic()

setDashOffset(doffset)#

Parameters:: doffset – float

Sets the dash offset (the starting point on the dash pattern) for this pen to the offset specified. The offset is measured in terms of the units used to specify the dash pattern.

For example, a pattern where each stroke is four units long, followed by a gap of two units, will begin with the stroke when drawn as a line.

However, if the dash offset is set to 4.0, any line drawn will begin with the gap. Values of the offset up to 4.0 will cause part of the stroke to be drawn first, and values of the offset between 4.0 and 6.0 will cause the line to begin with part of the gap.

Note

This implicitly converts the style of the pen to Qt::CustomDashLine.


Qt::SolidLine	Qt::DashLine	Qt::DotLine

Qt::DashDotLine	Qt::DashDotDotLine	Qt::CustomDashLine